Medida de la implicación en el trabajopropiedades psicométricas y estructura factorial del cuestionario "Job Involvement"

  1. González Fernández, Luis
  2. de Elena Peña, Joaquín Alfonso
Revista:
Revista de psicología del trabajo y de las organizaciones = Journal of work and organizational psychology

ISSN: 1576-5962

Año de publicación: 1999

Volumen: 15

Número: 1

Páginas: 23-44

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de psicología del trabajo y de las organizaciones = Journal of work and organizational psychology

Resumen

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las propiedades psicométricas y estructurafactorial de la adaptación castellana (González y De Elena, 1993) del cuestionario de implicación en el trabajo de Lodhal y Kejner (1965). El examen de la escala se lleva a cabo a par-tir de las respuestas de una muestra de 83 empleados de la administración y en función detres tipos de análisis. En primer lugar, se analiza la homogeneidad y fiabilidad de los 20ítems que componen el cuestionario. Los resultados muestran una buena consistencia internade la escala con un coeficiente αde .87. Por otra parte, se realiza un estudio de la estructurafactorial de la escala por medio del análisis factorial exploratorio. De acuerdo con los resulta-dos obtenidos puede afirmarse que la implicación en el trabajo evaluada por medio de laadaptación castellana del cuestionario de implicación de Lodhal y Kejner (1965) presenta una estructura multidimensional compuesta básicamente por tres dimensiones que coinciden básicamente con las descritas en la escala original. Finalmente, los resultados evidencian que el cuestionario presenta correlaciones significativas y del signo esperado con los criterios consi-derados lo que aporta apoyo empírico a la validez de constructo de la versión castellana delcuestionario de implicación en el trabajo

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Abelson, M.A. (1987). Examination of avoidable an unavoidable turnover. J o u r nal of Applied Psychology, 72, 382-386.
  • Allport, G.W. (1947). The psycology of participation. Psychological Review, 52, 1 17-132.
  • Baba, V.V. (1990). Methodological issues in modeling absence: a comparison of least squares and tobit analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75, 428-432.
  • Bigoness, W.J. (1978). Correlates of faculty attitudes toward collective bargaining. Journal of Applied Psychology, 6 3 , 228-233.
  • Blau, G.J. (1986). Job involvement and organizational commitment as interac t ive predic tors of ta rd iness and absenteeism. Journal of Management, 12, 5 7 7 5 8 4 .
  • Blau, G.J. y Boal, K. (1989). Conceptualizing how job involvement and organizational commitment affect turnover and absenteeism. Academy Management Review, 12, 288-300.
  • Brokner, J., Grower, S.L. y Blonder, (1988). Predictors or Survivors’job involvement following layoffs: a fiel study. J o u r n a l of Applied Psychology, 73, 436-442.
  • Brooke, P.P.Jr., Russell, D.W. y Price, J.L. (1988). Discriminant validation of measures of job satisfaction, job involvement, and organizational commitment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73, 139- 145.
  • Brown, S.P. (1996). A meta analysis and review of organizational research on job involvement. Psychological Bulletin, 1 2 0 , 2, 235-255.
  • Byrne, B. (1994). Structural equation modeling with EQS and EQS Windows. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Cook, J.D., Hepworth, S.J., Wall, T.D. y Warr, P.B. (1981). The experience of work. London: Academic Press.
  • Corarelli, S.M. (1984). Methods of communication and mediating processes in realistic job previews. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69, 633-642.
  • Cronbach, L.J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structrue of tests. P s y c o metrika, 16, 297-334.
  • Cummings, T.G. y Bigelow, J. (1976). Satisfaction, job involvement and intrinsic motivation: An extension of Lawler y Hall’s factor analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 61, 523-525.
  • De Elena, J. y González, L. (1993). Un modelo de antecedentes, correlatos y consecuentes del constructo implicación en el trabajo (Job Involvement). En L. MUNDUATE y M. BARON (Eds.): Gestión de Recursos Humanos y Calidad de Vida Laboral. Sevilla: Eudema.
  • Dubin, R. (1956). Industrial workers’ worlds: A study of the ‘Central Life Interests’ of industrial workers. Social Pro blems, 3, 131-142.
  • Dubin, R. (1958). The world of work. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
  • Dubin, R. (1961). Human relations in administration. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
  • Eisenberger, R. y Huntington, R. (1986). Perceived organizational support. J o u r n a l of Applied Psychology, 71, 500-507
  • Elloy, D.F., Everett, J.E. y Flynn, W.R. (1995). Multidimensional mapping of the correlates of job involvement. C a n a d i a n Journal of Behavioural Science, 27, 1.
  • Farrel, D. y Rusbult, C.E. (1981). Exchange variables as predictors of job satisfaction, job commitment, and turnover: The impact of rewards, costs, alternatives, and investments. O r g a n i z a t i o n a l Behavior and Human Performance, 2 7 , 78-95.
  • French, J.R.P. y Kahn, R.A. (1962). A programmatic approach to studying the industrial environment and mental health. Journal of Social Issues, 18, 147.
  • Gechman, A.S. y Wiener, Y. (1975). Job involvement and satisfaction as related to mental health and personal time devoted to work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 6 0 , 521-523.
  • Gómez, J. (1996). Aportaciones de los modelos causales de estructuras de covarianza al análisis psicométrico. En J. Muñiz (Ed.): Psicometría. Madrid: Editorial Universitas.
  • González, L. (1991). Assessment of quality circles program: a causal model of psychologycal outcomes. V E u r o p e a n Congress of Psychology the Work and Organization. Rouen, Francia.
  • González, L. (1995). Análisis de las rela- ciones causales propuestas en el modelos de las características del puesto. En L. Gonzá- lez, A. De la Torre y J. De Elena (Eds.). P s i cología del Trabajo y de las Organizacio nes, Gestión de Recursos Humanos y Nuevas Tecnologías. Salamanca: Eudema.
  • González, L. (1998). Estructura factorial y propiedades psicométricas del ‘Organizational Commitment Questionnaire’ (OCQ). II Congreso Iberoamericano de Psicología. Madrid, España.
  • González, L. y De Elena, J. (1993). Examen de la validez discriminante de las medidas de satisfacción en el trabajo, compromiso organizacional e implicación en el trabajo. En L. Munduate y M. Baron (Eds.): Gestión de Recursos Humanos y Calidad de Vida Laboral. Sevilla: Eudema.
  • González, L. y De Elena, J. (1997). Analysis of the causal relationship among job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and job involvement. Eigth Europe an Congress on Work and Organizational Psychology. Verona, Italia.
  • González, L. y De Elena, J. (1998). Exa- men de las propiedades psicométricas de la escala ‘Job Involvement’ de Lodhal y Kejner: datos preliminares. I V C o n g r e s o Nacional de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones. Valladolid. España.
  • González-Roma, V., Espejo, B. y Hernández, A. (1994). Validez discriminante de dos medidas de compromiso organizacional e implicación en el trabajo. Psicoló gica, 15, 343-350.
  • Gurin, G., Veroff, J. y Feld, S. (1960). Americans view their mental health. N e w York: Basic Books.
  • Hackman, J.R. y Oldham, G.R. (1980). Work redesign. Reading, MA.; Addison Wesley.
  • Hall. D.T., Goodale, J.G., Rabinowitz, S. y Morgan, M.A. (1978). Effects of top down department and job change upon perceived employee behavior and attitudes: A natural field experiment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63, 62-72.
  • Herman, J.B., Dunham, R.B. y Hulin, C.L. (1975). Organizational structure, demographic characteristics and employee responses. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 13, 206-232.
  • Hollenbeck, J.R., Connolly, T.F. y Rabinowitz, S. (1982). Job involvement 1977- 1982: beyond the exploratory stage. W o r king Paper, Michigan State University.
  • Hollon, C.J. y Chesser, R.J. (1976). The relationship of personal influence dissonance to job tension, satisfaction and involvement. Academy Management Jour nal, 19, 308-3 14.
  • Huselid, M.A. y Day, N.E (1991). Orga- nizational commitment, job involvement and turnover: A substantive methodological analysis. Journal of Applied Psycho logy, 76, 380-391
  • James, L.R., Gent, M.J., Hater, J.J. y Coray, K.E. (1979). Correlates of psychological influence: an illustracion of the psychological climate approach to work
  • enviroment perceptions. Personnel Psy chology, 32, 563-588.
  • Jans, N.A. (1982). The nature and measurement of work involvement. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 55, 57-67.
  • Jones, A.P., James, L.R. y Bruni, J.R. (1975). Perceived leadership behavior and employee confidence in the leader as moderated by job involvement. Journal of Applied Psycholgy, 60, 14-149.
  • Kanungo, R.N. (1979) The concept of alienation and involvement revisited. Psy chological Bulletin, 86, 119-138.
  • Kanungo, RN. (1981). Work alienation and involvement: problems and prospects International Review of Applied Psycho logy, 30, 1, 1-16
  • Kanungo, R.N. (1982). Measurement of job and work involvement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67, 341-349.
  • Keller, R.T. (1997). Job involvement and organizational commitment as longitudinal predictors of job performance: a study of scientists and engineers. J o u r n a l of Applied Psycholgy, 82, 4, 539-545.
  • Kubes, M. (1990). Discriminant validity of three measures of work attitudes. Studia Psychologica, 32, 149-153.
  • Lawler, E.E. (1992). The ultimate advantage: creating the high involvement organization. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
  • Lawler, E.E. y Hall, D.T. (1970). Rela- tionship of job characteristics to job involvement, satisfaction, and intrinsic motivation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 5 4 . 305-312.
  • Leana, C.R. y Feldman, D.C (1990) Individual responses to job loss: empirical findings from two field studies. H u m a n relations, 43, 1155-1181.
  • Lodahl, T.M. y Kejner, M. (1965). The definition and measurement of job involvement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 49, 1. 24-33.
  • Martínez Lugo, M.E. (1988). La involu- cración con el trabajo y su relación con la edad, el locus de control y los años de servicio. Revista Latinoamericana de Psico logia, 20. 137-148.
  • Martinez Lugo, M.E. (1990). Variables asociadas con la involucración en el trabajo. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 22. 211-222.
  • Mathieu, J.E. y Farr, J.L. (1991). Further evidence for the discriminant validity of measures of organizational commitment, job involvement and job satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76, 127-133.
  • Meyer, J P. y Allen, N.J. (1996). C o m m i t ment in the work place: theory, research and application. London: Sage Publications
  • Morris, J.H. y Snyder, R.A. (1979). A second look at need for achievement and need for autonomy as moderators of role perception role outcome relationships. J o u r nal of Applied Psychology, 64, 1 7 3 1 7 8 .
  • Morrow, P.C. (1983). Concept redundancy in organizational research: the case of work commitment. Academy of Mana gement Review, 8, 486-500.
  • Morrow, P.C. (1993). The theory and measurement of work commitment. Greenwich: JAI Press.
  • Mowday, R.T., Porter, L.W. y Steers, R.M. (1980). Employee organization lin kages: the psychology of commitment, absenteeism and turnover . New York: Academic Press.
  • Nesselroade, J.R. (1994). Exploratory factor analysis with latent variables and the study of processes of development change. En A. Von Eye y CC. Clogg (Eds.): Latent variables analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Noe, R.A. (1988). An investigation of the determinants of successful assigned mentoring relationships. Personnel Psy chology, 41, 457-471.
  • Pleffer, J. (1994). Competitive advanta ge through people: unleashing the power of the workforce. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
  • Priece, J.L., Dunham, R.B. y Blackburn, R.S. (1979). Social systems structure, job design, and growth need strength: a test of a congruency model. Academy of Manage ment Journal, 22, 223-240.
  • Rabinowitz, S., Hall, D.T. y Goodale, J.G. (1977). Job scope and individual differences as predictors of job involvement: independent or interactive?. A c a demy Management Journal, 20, 273- 2 8 1 .
  • Rabinowitz, S. (1981). Towards a developmental model of job involvement. International Review o Applied Psycho logy, 30, 31-50.
  • Rabinowitz, S. y Hall, D.T. (1977). Organizational research on job involvement. Psychological Bulletin, 84. 265- 2 8 8 .
  • Ruh, R.A., White, J.K. y Wood, R.R. (1975). Job involvement, values, personal background, participation in decisionmaking, and job attitudes. Academy of Management Journal, 18, 300-312.
  • Saal, F.E. (1978). Job involvement: a multivariate approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63, 55-61 .
  • Saleh, S.D. y Hosek, J. (1976). Job involvement: concepts and measurements. Academy of Management Journal, 19, 213-224.
  • Schmitt, N., Coyler, B.W., Rauschenberger, J, y White, J.K. (1979). Comparison of early retirees and non-retirees. Per sonnel Psychology, 32, 327-340.
  • Schuler, R.S., Aldag, R.J. y Brief, A.P. (1977). Role conflict and role ambiguity: a scale analysis. O r g a n i z a t i o n a l Behavior and Human Performance, 2 0 , 1 1 1 1 2 8 .
  • Shore, T.H., Thornton, G.C. y Macfarlane, L. (1990). Distinctiveness of three work attitutdes: job involvement, organizational commitment, and career salience. Psychological Reports, 67, 851-858.
  • Steel, R. P. y Rentsch, J.R. (1997). The dispositional model of job attitudes revisited: findings of a 10 years study. J o u r n a l of Applied Pnychology, 82, 873-879.
  • Tomás, I. y Espejo, B. (1994). La medición del compromiso organizacional. En V.González-Romá (Ed.): La medición del bienestar psicológico y otros aspectos de la salud mental. Valencia: Nau Libres.
  • Vroom, V.H. (1962). Ego-involvement, job satisfaction, and job performance. Per sonnel Psychology, 15, 159-177.
  • White, J.K. (1978). Generalizability of individual difference moderators of the participation in decision making employee response relationship. Academy Manage ment Journal, 21, 36-43.
  • Wiener, Y. y Vardi, Y. (1980). Relationship between job, organization, an career commitment and work outcomes: an integrative approach. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 26, 81-96.
  • Wollack, S., Goodale, J.G., Wijting, J.P. y Smith, P.C. (1971). Development of the Survey of Work Values. Journal of Applied Psychology, 55, 331-338.