Multivariate analysis of burnout syndrome in Latin-American priests

  1. López Herrera, Helena
  2. Pedrosa, Ignacio 1
  3. Vicente Galindo, Purificación
  4. Suárez Álvarez, Javier 1
  5. Galindo-Villardón, Purificación
  6. García Cueto, Eduardo 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Oviedo
    info

    Universidad de Oviedo

    Oviedo, España

    ROR https://ror.org/006gksa02

Journal:
Psicothema

ISSN: 0214-9915

Year of publication: 2014

Volume: 26

Issue: 2

Pages: 227-234

Type: Article

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Psicothema

Abstract

Background: Burnout syndrome is a highly prevalent disorder in a wide range of professional groups, and is associated with substantial psychophysiological alterations. Nevertheless, this syndrome has not been analyzed in depth among the clergy, a group which fulfils a fundamental social function and has to deal with numerous stressors that increase the risk of burnout onset. Method: In the present study, the authors assessed 881 Catholic priests from Latin America. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-22, the General Health Questionnaire-28 and the CAGE were applied; we also recorded the priests� rates of cigarette-smoking. Specific cut-off points were set for burnout syndrome in priests. Results: The original factor structures of the questionnaires are confirmed in the clerical sample, and the reliability is adequate. As regards the dimensions of the syndrome as a function of the countries studied, no statistically significant differences were found, except for the exhaustion dimension. Conclusions: The authors established the typology that defines the relevance and effect of each dimension, as well as its prevalence in this group, with a figure of 25.39%. Furthermore, burnout shows a clear relationship with general health and may be associated with addiction to substances such as alcohol or tobacco.

Bibliographic References

  • Alarcon, G.M. (2011). A meta-analysis of burnout with job demands, resources, and attitudes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(2), 549-562.
  • Alves, F. (2008). Stress, burnout, coping em padres responsáveis pela formação de seminaristas catóicos [Stress, burnout, coping in priests responsible for the training of Catholic seminarists]. Pontificia Universidade Catóica de São Paulo: São Paulo.
  • Barzon, P., Caltabiano, M., & Ronzoni, G. (2005). Il burnout tra i preti di una diocesi italiana [Burnout among the priests of a Italian diocese]. Orientamenti Pedagogici, 53(2), 314-335.
  • Berry, A., Francis, L., Rolph, J., & Rolph, P. (2012). Ministry and stress: Listening to anglican clergy in Wales. Pastoral Psychology, 61(2), 165-178.
  • Chandler, D.J. (2009). Pastoral burnout and the impact of personal spiritual renewal, rest-taking, and support system practices. Pastoral Psychology, 58, 273-287.
  • de la Fuente, E.I., Aguayo Extremera, R., Vargas Pecino, C., & Cañadas de la Fuente, G.R. (2013). Prevalence and risk factors of burnout syndrome among Spanish police officers. Psicothema, 25, 488-493.
  • Dhalla, S., & Kopec, J.A. (2007). The CAGE Questionnaire for Alcohol Misuse: A review of reliability and validity studies. Clinical & Investigative Medicine, 30(1), 33-41.
  • Domínguez, J.M., Padilla, I., Domínguez, J., & Domínguez, M. (2013). Behavioral types in relation to burnout, mobbing, personality, and adaptation of self-conduct in health care workers. Atención Primaria, 45(4), 199-207.
  • Doolittle, B.R. (2010). The impact of behaviors upon burnout among parish-based clergy. Journal of Religion and Health, 49, 88-95.
  • Ewing, J.A. (1984). Detecting alcoholism. The CAGE questionnaire. Journal of the American Medical Association, 252(14), 1905-1917.
  • Fichter, S.J. (1984). The myth of clergy burnout. Sociology of Religion, 45(4), 373-382.
  • Figueiredo-Ferraz, H., Grau-Alberola, E., Gil-Monte, P.R., & García-Juesas, J.A. (2012). Burnout and job satisfaction among nursing professionals. Psicothema, 24(2), 271-276.
  • Francis, L.J., Robbins, M., Rolph, J., Turton, D., & Rolph, P. (2010). The relationship between recalled self-esteem as a child and current levels of professional burnout among anglican clergy in England. Pastoral Psychology, 59, 551-561.
  • Freudenberger, H.J. (1974). Staffburnout. The Journal of Social Issues, 30(1), 159-166.
  • Golberg, D., & Williams, P. (1996). Cuestionario de Salud General GHQ [General Health Questionnaire]. Barcelona: Masson.
  • Golembiewski, R.T., & Kim, B.S. (1990). Burnout in police work: Stressors, strain, and the phase model. Police studies: The International Review of Police Development, 13, 74-80.
  • Grau, A., Suñer, R., & García, M.M. (2005). Burnout syndrome in health workers and relationship with personal and environmental factors. Gaceta Sanitaria, 19, 463-470.
  • Isralowitz, R., Reznik, A., Rawson, R.A., & Hasson, A. (2009). Immigrants from Russia, Ukraine and the Caucasus Region: Differential drug use, infectious disease, and related outcomes. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 7(3), 450-457.
  • Jackson-Jordan, E.A. (2013). Clergy burnout and resilience: A review of the literature. The Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling, 67(1), 1-3.
  • Jacobson, J.M., Rothschild, A., Mirza, F., & Shapiro, M. (2013). Risk for burnout and compassion fatigue and potential for compassion satisfaction among clergy: Implications for social work and religious organizations. Journal of Social Service Research, 39(4), 455-468.
  • Johnson, T.P., & Tonda L.H. (2005). Reliability and concurrent validity of the CAGE screening questions: A comparison of lesbians and heterosexual women. Substance Use & Misuse, 40(5), 657-669.
  • Joseph, E.N., Luyten, P., Corveleyn, J., & De Witte, H. (2011). The relationship between personality, burnout, and engagement among the Indian clergy. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 21, 276-288.
  • Kapplan, S., Madden, V., Mijanovich, T., & Purcaro, E. (2013). The perception of stress and its impact on health in poor communities. Journal of Community Health, 38(1), 142-149.
  • Keller, A., Litzelman, K., Wisk, L.E., Maddox, T., Cheng, E.R., Creswell, P.D., & Witt, W.P. (2012). Does the perception that stress affects health matter? The association with health and mortality. Health Psychology, 31(5), 677-684.
  • Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. (1981). Maslach Burnout Inventory. Palo Alto, California: Consulting Psychologists Press.
  • Maslach, C., & Jackson, S.E. (1984). Burnout in organizational setting. Applied Social Psychology Annual, 5, 133-154.
  • Miranda, G., & Romero J. (2004). "Burnout" en los sacerdotes de Santiago [Burnout in the priests of Santiago]. Boletín Pastoral Año, 13(103).
  • Moreno, B., Oliver C., & Aragoneses A. (1991). El "burnout", una forma específica de estrés laboral [Burnout, a specific form of job stress]. In G. Buela Casal & V. Caballo (Eds.), Manual de Psicología Clínica Aplicada (pp. 271-279). Madrid: Siglo XXI.
  • Muñiz, J., Elosua, P., & Hambleton, R.K. (2013). International Test Commission Guidelines for test translation and adaptation, Psicothema, 25(2), 151-157.
  • Noorbala, A.A., Mohammad, K., & Bagheri Yazdi, S.A. (1998). A survey of psychiatric disorders in Teheran city. Hakim Magazine, 4, 212-223.
  • Paredes, M. (2001). Caracterización multivariante del Síndrome de Burnout en la plantilla docente de la Universidad de Salamanca [Multivariate characterization of Burnout Syndrome in the teaching staffof the University of Salamanca]. Doctoral dissertation. Departamento de Estadística. Universidad de Salamanca.
  • Pedrosa, I., & García-Cueto, E. (2012). Spanish adaptation of the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ) in a Spanish athlete sample. Ansiedad y Estrés, 18(2-3), 155-166.
  • Raj, A., & Dean, K. (2005). "Burnout" and depression among catholic priests in India. Pastoral Psychology, 54(2), 157-171.
  • Retolaza Balsategui, A., Mostajo, A., de la Rica, J.R., Díaz de Garramiola, A., Pérez de Loza, J., Aramberri, I., & Márquez, I. (1993). Validity of the Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire (28 items version) in Primary Care settings. Revista de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría, 13(46), 187-194.
  • Rodríguez-Martos, A., Navarro, R., Vecino, C., & Pérez, R. (1986). Validación de los cuestionarios KFA (CBA) y CAGE para diagnóstico del alcoholismo [Validation of the questionnaires KFA (CBA) and CAGE for diagnosis of alcoholism]. Drogalcohol, 11, 132-139.
  • Rosetti, S.J., & Rhoades, C.J. (2013). Burnout in catholic clergy: A predictive model using psychological and spiritual variables. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, advance online publication.
  • Seisdedos, N. (1997). Manual MBl, Inventario Burnout de Maslach [MBI Manual, Maslach Burnout Inventory]. Madrid: TEA.
  • Skogen, J.C., Øverland, S., Knudsen, A.K., & Mykletun, A. (2011). Concurrent validity of the CAGE questionnaire. The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. Addictive Behaviors, 36(4), 302-307.
  • ter Braak, C.J.F. (1986). Canonical correspondence analysis: A new eigen vector technique for multivariate direct gradient analysis. Ecology,67, 1167-1179.
  • Vicente Galindo, M.P., López Herrera, H., & Galindo Villardón, M.P. (2010). CCA: un método multivariante con pasado y presente en Biología y futuro en Psicología [CCA: A multivariate method with its past and present in Biology and its future in Psychology]. The 5thScientific Meeting ISLA: Data Mining and Business Intelligence. Methods and Applications, Portugal, 85-86.
  • Wells, C. (2013). The effects of work-related and boundary-related stress on the emotional and physical health status of ordained clergy. Pastoral Psychology, 62(1), 101-114.
Data source: Dialnet