Cognición, emoción y mentiraimplicaciones para detectar el engaño

  1. Iris Blandón-Gitlin 1
  2. Rafael M. López 2
  3. Jaume Masip 3
  4. Elise Fenn 4
  1. 1 California State University, Fullerton, EE.UU
  2. 2 Fundación Universitaria Behavior & Law, España
  3. 3 Universidad de Salamanca, España
  4. 4 California State University, Northridge, EE.UU
Revista:
Anuario de psicología jurídica

ISSN: 1133-0740

Año de publicación: 2017

Número: 27

Páginas: 95-106

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1016/J.APJ.2017.02.004 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Anuario de psicología jurídica

Resumen

Recientemente, la falta de evidencia en apoyo de la aproximación no verbal-emocional en detección de mentiras ha propiciado el desarrollo de la orientación cognitiva. Ésta sostiene que mentir es cognitivamente más complejo que decir la verdad y que un aumento artificial de la dificultad cognitiva durante una entrevista hará que el mentiroso muestre señales delatoras de sobrecarga cognitiva. En este trabajo argumentamos que mentir no es siempre más complejo que decir la verdad. Inferir automáticamente engaño a partir de indicadores de carga cognitiva puede llevar a error. Los profesionales deben conocer el funcionamiento de la memoria y del sistema cognitivo para poder comprender el significado de los indicadores de carga cognitiva y los científicos deben desarrollar modelos cognitivos de la mentira y elaborar sus hipótesis a partir de mecanismos y procesos cognitivos específicos. Por último, puesto que las emociones influyen en la cognición, no puede obviarse su papel en la detección de mentiras.

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