Construcción de género y estereotiposUn estudio de las actitudes hacia la diversidad de género

Zusammenfassung

Patriarchal societies have used the sex/gender category as a means for creating a binary and separated system in which men have a dominant role and women are subdued to them. Inequalities derived from this system are perpetuated by the existence of stereotypes, which feed these inequalities and restrict the development of the personality. Hegemonic masculinity establishes a heteronormative system in which, although women have continuously been subdued and despised, those people with other gender identities and affective-sexual orientations are, even today, truly harmed and made invisible. These people are those belonging to the groups that make up the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) community who are constantly victims of homophobic, transphobic and sexist stereotypes deeply rooted in society. This paper deals with highlight these stereotypes and their causes, trying to formulate some educational proposals to help to bring the reality of the LGBT community to the society. In this sense, a study –through interviews and questionnaires– of both the knowledge and attitudes toward gender diversity presents in a sample of people was carried out. From the conclusions of this study, lines of action are proposed –from the formal and non-formal education– which highlight the need to act to raise awareness among young people about the gender equality, not only understanding it as the recognition of rights and mutual respect to both men and women, but also the acceptance of people with alternative gender identities and sexual orientations.