Aplicación del método de Encuesta Factorial al estudio de la valoración de las interacciones sexuales consentidas con menores

  1. González Ortega, Eva
  2. Orgaz Baz, Begoña
Journal:
REMA

ISSN: 1135-6855

Year of publication: 2014

Volume: 19

Issue: 1

Pages: 1-16

Type: Article

More publications in: REMA

Abstract

By using randomization and control strategies that are typical of experimental designs, the Factorial Survey method (Rossi and Nock, 1982) allows to apply the vignette methodology with large size samples as well as to analyze judgements on real-life situations and their determining factors without limiting the number of variables in the design or presenting the vignette universe to each participant. This paper aims to illustrate the steps followed to apply this method to the study of professionals� judgments on consensual sexual activity with minors. According to regression analysis, professionals (n=974) take three factors into account to assess the degree of inappropriateness of such activity: the type of sexual interaction, the age of the minor, and especially, the age difference between the minor and the other person involved. This experience confirms that the Factorial Survey is a useful tool to study judgements on social behaviours or concepts, especially those more controversial or sensitive, although we recommend to complementarily apply other more ecologically valid methods

Bibliographic References

  • Alexander, C. S. y Becker, H. J. (1978). The use of vignettes in survey research. Public Opinion Quarterly, 42, 93-104.
  • Caro, F. G., Ho, T., Mc Fadden, D., Gottlieb, A. S., Yee, C., Chan, t. y Winter, J. (2012). Using the Internet to administer more realistic vignette experiments. Social Science Computer Review, 30(2), 184-201.
  • Crooks, C, Ramona Fernandez, R., Topham, A., Acton, W., Deb Brotzel, D., Swart, G. T y Rita VanMeyel, R. (2005). Children under 12 years with Sexual Behaviour Problems in London and Middlesex County: Trends and Professionals’ Perceptions. London, Ontario: Centre for Research on Violence Against Women and Children.
  • Faller, K. C. (2003). Understanding and assessing child sexual maltreatment. Thousand
  • Oaks, CA: Sage. Dollar, K. M., Perry, A. R., Fromuth, M. E. y Holth, A. R. (2004). Influence of Gender Roles on Perceptions of Teacher/Adolescent Student Sexual Relation. Sex Roles, 50(1/2), 91101.
  • Finkelhor, D. y Redfield, D. (1984). How the public defines sexual abuse. En D. Finkelhor (Ed.) Child sexual abuse: New theory and research (pp. 12-32). New York: Free Press.
  • González, E. (2009). Criterios de salud sexual infantil. La visión de los profesionales y su implicación en la detección y denuncia de los abusos sexuales. Tesis doctoral no publicada. Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca.
  • González, E., Orgaz, B. y López, F. (2012a). La conducta sexual infantile como indicador de abusos sexuales: los criterios y sesgos de los profesionales. Psicothema, 24(3), 402-409.
  • González, E., Orgaz, B. y López, F. (2012b). Professionals' Criteria for Detecting and Reporting Child Sexual Abuse. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 15(3), 1325-1338.
  • Hartman, G. L., Karlson, H. y Hibbard, R. A. (1994). Attorney attitudes regarding behaviors associated with child sexual abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 18(8), 657-662.
  • Haugaard, J. J. (1996). Sexual behaviors between children: Professionals' opinions and undergraduates' recollections. Families in Society, 7 (2), 81-89.
  • Havekes, E., Coenders, M., y Van der Lippe, T. (2013). Positive or negative ethnic encounters in urban neighbourhoods? A photo experiment on the net impact of ethnicity and neighbourhood context on attitudes towards minority and majority residents. Social Science Research, 42(4), 1077-1091.
  • Heiman, M. L., Leiblum, S., Esquilin, S.C. y Melendez Pallito, L. (1998). A Comparative Survey of Beliefs about "Normal" Childhood Sexual Behaviors. Child Abuse and Neglect, 22 (4), 289-304.
  • Hicks, C. y Tite, R. (1998). Professionals´ attitudes about victims of child sexual abuse: implications for collaborative child protection teams. Child and Family Social Work, 3, 37-48.
  • Hughes, R. y Huby, M. (2002). The Application of Vignettes in Social and Nursing Research. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 37(4), 382–386.
  • Jackson, H. y Nuttall, R. (1993). Clinician responses to sexual abuse allegations. Special Issue: Clinical recognition of sexually abused children. Child Abuse and Neglect, 17, 127–143.
  • Jefferson, T. y Taplin, R. (2012). Relational aspects of decisions to sell. The Journal of Socio Economics, 41, 697-704.
  • Johnson, T. C. (2002). Understanding children’s sexual behaviors: What’s natural and healthy. South Pasadena, CA: Autor.
  • Kennel, R. C. y Agresti, A. A. (1995). Effects of gender and age on psychologists´ reporting of child sexual abuse. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 26(6), 612-615.
  • Kite, D. y Tyson, G. A. (2004). The impact of perpetrator gender on male and female police officers´ perceptions of child sexual abuse. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 11(2) 308318.
  • Ko, C. y Koh, C. (2007). The influence of abuse situation and respondent background characteristics on Korean nurses´ perceptions of child sexual abuse: A fractional factorial design. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 44, 1165-1176.
  • Larsson, I. (2000). Child sexuality and sexual behaviour. Informe elaborado por Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. Artículo número 2001-123-20. (Trad. Lambert y Tudball) (Artículo original número 2000-36-001).
  • López, F. (1995). Prevención de los abusos sexuales de menores y educación sexual. Salamanca: Amarú Ediciones.
  • Ludwick, R. y Zeller, R. A. (2001). The factorial survey: An experimental method to replicate real world problems. Nursing Research, 50, 129-33.
  • Müller-Engelmann, M., Donner-Banzhoff, N., Keller, H., Rosinger, L., Sauer, C., Rehfeldt, K., & Krones, T. (2013). When Decisions Should Be Shared: A Study of Social Norms in Medical Decision Making Using a Factorial Survey Approach. Medical Decision Making 33(1), 37–47.
  • O’Toole, R., Webster, S. W., O’Toole, A. W. y Lucal, B. (1999). Teachers’ recognition and reporting of child abuse: a factorial survey. Child Abuse & Neglect, 23(11), 1083-1101.
  • Portwood, S. G. (1999). Coming to terms with a consensual definition of child maltreatment. Child Maltreatment, 4(1), 56-68.
  • Rattray, J. E., Lauder, W., Ludwick, R., Johnstone, C., Zeller, R., Winchell, J., Myers, E. y Smith, A. (2011). Indicators of accurate deterioration in adult patients nursed in acute wards: a factorial survey. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 20(5-6), 723-732.
  • Rossi, P. H. y Nock, S. L. (1982). Measuring Social Judgments: The Factorial Survey Approach. Beverley Hills, CA: Sage. Ryan, G. (2000). Childhood Sexuality: A decade of Study. Part IResearch and curriculum development. Child Abuse and Neglect, 24 (1), 33-48.
  • Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States, SIECUS (2004). ¿Qué implica el desarrollo sexual infantil normal?. La Familia Habla, 3 (4).
  • Sorenson, S. B. y Taylor, C. A. (2005). Female aggression toward male intimate partners: an examination of social norms in a community-based simple. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 29, 78–96.
  • Steiner, P. M. y Atzmuller, C. (2006). Experimentelle Vignetten designs in faktoriellen Surveys / Experimental Vignette Designs for Factorial Surveys. Kolner-Zeitschrift fur Soziologie und Sozialpycholgie, 58(1), 117-146.
  • Stokes, J. y Schmidt, G. (2012). Child Protection Decision Making: A Factorial Analysis Using Case Vignettes. Social Work, 57(1), 83-90.
  • Tolsma, J., Blaauw, J. y Grotenhuis, M. (2012). When do people report crime to the police? Results from a factorial survey design in the Netherlands, 2010. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 8(2), 117-134.
  • Wagner, W. G., Aucon, R. y Johnson, J. T. (1993). Psychologists' attitudes concerning child sexual abuse: The impact of sex of perpetrator, sex of victim, age of victim, and victim response. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 2(2), 61-74.
  • Wallander, L. (2009). 25 years of factorial surveys in sociology: A review. Social Science Research, 38(3), 505-525.
  • Wallander, L. (2012). Measuring social workers' judgements: Why and how to use the factorial survey approach in the study of professional judgements. Journal of Social Work, 12(4), 364-384.