Vasculitis, púrpura de Schönlein-Henoch, vasculitis crioglobulinémica

Abstract

The vasculitides are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by inflammation of the vessel wall. The clinical expression of each entity depends on the vascular damage, vessel type predominantly affected, the location of it and its severity. Hypersensitivity vasculitis is generally self-limiting, with involvement of skin usual exclusively related and after taking certain drugs or infections. The usual clinical palpable purpura is general and nonspecific symptoms. The purple Schönlein-Henoch vasculitis is a small vessel, most often in childhood. The most characteristic histological finding is a leukocytoclastic vasculitis accompanied by IgA immune deposits in the affected organs. Purple clinic consisting mainly localized in the lower limbs, buttocks, abdominal symptoms, arthralgia-arthritis and occasionally kidney damage. Symptomatic treatment, except in severe cases where corticosteroids and immunosuppressants are used. Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis is small and medium vessel caused by deposition of cryoglobulins. Is classified according to the type thereof and each has an association to different diseases: type I-associated lymphoproliferative diseases associated primarily type II infections, especially hepatitis C virus type III and associated with autoimmune diseases. Treatment is symptomatic and the underlying disease. Studies have shown very good results in the case of vasculitis associated with hepatitis C virus, triple therapy with interferon plus antiviral and rituximab.