Partidismo¿el verdadero aliado de las fake news? Un análisis comparativo del efecto sobre la creencia y la divulgación

  1. Baptista, João Pedro 1
  2. Correia, Elisete 2
  3. Gradim, Anabela
  4. Piñeiro-Naval, Valeriano 3
  1. 1 Universidade da Beira Interior (UBI)
  2. 2 Instituto Superior Técnico da Universidade de Lisboa
  3. 3 Universidad de Salamanca
    info

    Universidad de Salamanca

    Salamanca, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02f40zc51

Revista:
Revista Latina de Comunicación Social

ISSN: 1138-5820

Año de publicación: 2021

Número: 79

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.4185/RLCS-2021-1509 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista Latina de Comunicación Social

Resumen

Introducción: Tras la recomposición del parlamento portugués con la aparición de la derecha radical, este estudio explora la influencia de la orientación partidista en la creencia y difusión de fake news. Metodología: Se recurrió a una muestra exploratoria (N = 712), cuyos participantes fueron expuestos a 20 titulares políticamente sesgados (pro-derecha y pro-izquierda): la mitad fake news y la otra mitad noticias verdaderas. Los participantes evaluaron su credibilidad y voluntad de compartirlas en las redes sociales. Resultados: Es más probable que los partidarios de derecha crean y compartan fake news compatibles. Esta tendencia se verificó en todos los parámetros de medición del partidismo —(1) intención de voto, (2) simpatía partidaria y (3) autoubicación en la escala I-D—, en contraste con lo revelado con los partidistas de izquierda. Discusión y conclusiones:  Solo los partidarios de derecha muestran una tendencia a creer más en fake news que favorecen su orientación. No ocurre lo mismo con los individuos de izquierdas. Sin embargo, es más probable que tanto los partidarios de derecha como de izquierda compartan contenido sesgado. Creemos que las personas con identidad de partido de derecha pueden estar más expuestas a la desinformación en Portugal, ya que la mayoría de los sitios de desinformación buscan esta audiencia específica.

Información de financiación

Este artículo forma parte del trabajo desarrollado en el marco de una beca de doctorado, financiada por la Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) (Ref.: SFRH/BD/145497/2019) de Portugal. Inicio de la investigación: 01/03/2020. Término de la investigación: 31/09/2021.

Financiadores

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