El uso de los medios de comunicación y la elaboración cognitivaEl papel mediador de la eficacia mediática

  1. Ji won Kim 1
  2. Monica Chadha 2
  3. Homero Gil de Zúñiga 3
  1. 1 Universidad Internacional de Texas (USA)
  2. 2 Universidad Estatal de Arizona (USA)
  3. 3 Universidad de Viena (Austria)
Revista:
Revista Latina de Comunicación Social

ISSN: 1138-5820

Año de publicación: 2018

Número: 73

Páginas: 168-183

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.4185/RLCS-2018-1251 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista Latina de Comunicación Social

Resumen

Este articulo presenta los resultados de un estudio sobre la relación entre el uso de los medios de comunicación y la elaboración de noticias mientras se introduce el papel mediador de la percepción que el público tiene de la utilidad de los diferentes medios de comunicación para ayudarles a comprender problemas complejos. El término eficacia mediática se conceptualiza como la percepción que un individuo tiene de la utilidad de un medio noticioso en la comprensión de temas complejos. El análisis de un estudio de panel de dos olas demostró que la relación entre el uso de los medios de comunicación y la elaboración era totalmente mediada por la eficacia mediática. Esta investigación contribuye al desarrollo de los estudiossobre el modelo de mediación cognitiva al introducir una nueva variable mediadora, la eficacia mediática, y analizar su relación con la elaboración.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Althaus, S. L., & Tewksbury, D. (2002). Agenda setting and the “new” news patterns of issue importance among readers of the paper and online versions of the New York Times. Communication Research, 29(2), 180-207.
  • Ardèvol-Abreu, A., Hooker, C., and Gil de Zúñiga, H. (2018). Online News Creation, Trust in the Media, and Political Participation: Direct and Moderating Effects over Time. Journalism doi: 10.1177/1464884917700447
  • Bachmann, I., & Gil de Zúñiga, H. (2013). News platform preference as a predictor of political and civic participation. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies. 19(4) 496-512. doi: 10.1177/1354856513493699
  • Balch, G. I. (1974). Multiple indicators in survey research: The concept “sense of political efficacy". Political Methodology, 1-43.
  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman & Company.
  • Bandura, Albert (2001). Social cognitive theory of mass communication. Media Psychology, 3, 265-299.
  • Cappella, J. N., Price, V., & Nir, L. (2002). Argument repertoire as a reliable and valid measure of opinion quality: Electronic dialogue during campaign 2000. Political Communication, 19, 73–93.
  • Chaffee, S. & Frank, S. (1996). How Americans get political information: Print versus broadcast news. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 546 (July), 48-58.
  • Chaffee, S., & Schleuder, J. (1986). Measurement and effects of attention to media news. Human Communication Research, 13, 76–107.
  • Chyi, H. I., & Yang, M. J. (2009). Is online news and inferior good? Examining the economic nature of online news among users. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 86(3), 594-612. doi: 10.1177/107769900908600309
  • Eastin, M.S. & LaRose, R. (2000). Internet self-efficacy and the psychology of the digital divide. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 6(1), 0. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101. 2000.tb00110.x
  • Eveland, W. P., Jr. (1998, August). The cognitive mediation model: A framework for studying learning from the news with survey methods. Paper presented at the meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism & Mass Communication, Baltimore, MD.
  • Eveland, W.P., Jr. (2001). The cognitive mediation model of learning from the news: Evidence from nonelection, off-year election, and Presidential election contexts. Communication Research, 28(5), 571-601. doi: 10.1177/00936500102800500
  • Eveland, W. P., Jr. (2002). News information processing as mediator of the relationship between motivations and political knowledge. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 79, 26–40.
  • Eveland, W. P., Cortese, J., Park, H., & Dunwoody, S. (2004). How Web site organization influences free recall, factual knowledge, and knowledge structure density. Human Communication Research, 30(2), 208–233.
  • Eveland, W.P., Jr., & Dunwoody, S. (2002). An investigation of elaboration and selective scanning as mediators of learning from the web versus print. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 46(1), 34-53.
  • Eveland Jr, W. P., Seo, M., & Marton, K. (2002). Learning from the news in campaign 2000: An experimental comparison of TV news, newspapers, and online news. Media Psychology, 4(4), 353-378.
  • Eveland, W.P., Jr., Shah, D., & Kwak, N. (2003). Assessing causality in the cognitive mediation model: A panel study of motivations, information processing and learning during campaign 2000. Communication Research, 30(4), 359-386. doi: 10.1177/0093650203253369
  • Gil de Zúñiga, H. (2017). La función de los vínculos interpersonales ‘débiles y fuertes’ y los atributos de la discusión política como antecedentes de la elaboración cognitiva. REIS: Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas. 157(1) 65–84. doi: 10.5477/cis/reis.157.65
  • Gil de Zúñiga, H., (2015). Toward a European Public Sphere? The Promise and Perils of Modern Democracy in the Age of Digital and Social Media. International Journal of Communication, 9:3152–3160
  • Gil de Zúñiga, H., Diehl, T. and Ardèvol-Abreu, A. (2017). Internal, External and Government Political Efficacy: Effects on News Use, Discussion, and Political Participation. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media. 61(3): 574–596 doi: 10.1080/08838151.2017.1344672
  • Gil de Zúñiga, H., Weeks, B., and Ardèvol-Abreu, A. (2017). Effects of the ‘News Finds Me’ Perception in Communication Social Media Use Implications for News Seeking and Learning About Politics. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication. 22(3) 105–123 doi:10.1111/jcc4.12185
  • Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Press.
  • Hoogendoorn, A., & Daalmans, J. (2009). Nonresponse in the recruitment of an internet panel based on probability sampling. Survey Research Methods, 3(2), 59-72.
  • Iyengar, S., & Hahn, K. S. (2009). Red media, blue media: Evidence of ideological selectivity in media use. Journal of Communication, 59(1), 19-39. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.01402
  • Jensen, J. D. (2011). Knowledge acquisition following exposure to cancer news articles: A test of the cognitive mediation model. Journal of Communication, 61, 514-534.doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011. 01549.x
  • Kenski, K., & Stroud, N. J. (2006). Connections between Internet use and political efficacy, knowledge, and participation. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 50(2), 173-192.
  • Kim, J., Wyatt, R. O., & Katz, E. (1999). News, talk, opinion, participation: The part played by conversation in deliberative democracy. Political Communication, 16, 361–385.
  • Lee, S. (2006). An evaluation of nonresponse and coverage errors in a prerecruited probability web panel survey. Social Science Computer Review, 24(4), 460-475.
  • McCombs, M. (2005). A look at agenda-setting: Past, present and future. Journalism studies, 6(4), 543-557.
  • McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail's mass communication theory. Sage publications.
  • Moy, P., & Gastil, J. (2006). Predicting deliberative conversation: The impact of discussion networks, media use, and political cognitions. Political Communication, 23(4), 443-460.
  • Mutz, D. C. (1998). Impersonal influence: How perceptions of mass collectives affect political attitudes. Cambridge University Press.
  • Nelson, J. (2015). It’s time to start paying attention to local news. Paper presented at the International Communication Association Conference: San Juan, PR.
  • Norris, P. (2000). A virtuous circle: Political communication in postindustrial societies. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
  • Pareira, K. L. (2012). Information literacy on the web: How college students use visual and textual clues to assess credibility on health websites. Communications in Information Literacy, 6(1), 34-48.
  • Perloff, R. (1998). Political communication: Politics, press and public in America. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1984). Source factors and the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. Advances in Consumer Research, 11(1), 668-672.
  • Pingree, R. J. (2011). Effects of unresolved factual disputes in the news on epistemic political efficacy. Journal of Communication, 61(1), 22-47.
  • Prior, M. (2013). Media and political polarization. Annual Review of Political Science, 16, 101-127. doi: 10.1146/annurev-polisci-100711-135242.
  • Robinson, J., & Levy, M. (1986). The main source: Learning from television news.Beverly Hills, CA: Sage
  • Scheufele, D., A. & Nisbet, M., C. (2002). Being a citizen online: New opportunities and dead ends. The Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 7(3), 55-75.
  • Schudson, M. (2009). Factual knowledge in the age of truthiness. In, B. Zelizer (Ed.), The changing faces of journalism: Tabloidization, technology and truthiness (pp. 104-113). New York: Routledge.
  • Shearer & Gottfried (2017). News use across social media platforms 2017. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.journalism.org/2017/09/07/news-use-across-social-media-platforms-2017/
  • Sotirovic, M., & McLeod, J. (2004). Knowledge as understanding: The information processing approach to political learning. In L. Kaid (Ed.), Handbook of Political Communication Research (pp. 357–394). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Trumbo, C. W., & McComas, K. A. (2003). The function of credibility in information processing for risk perception. Risk Analysis, 23(2), 343-353.
  • Valentino, N. A., Gregorowicz, K., & Groenendyk, E. W. (2009). Efficacy, emotions and the habit of participation. Political Behavior, 31(3), 307-330.
  • Vraga, E.K., Edgerly, S., Wang, B.M., & Shah, D. (2011). Who taught me that? Repurposed news, blog structure and source identification. Journal of Communication, 61, 795-815. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011. 01581.x
  • Wei, R., & Lo, V. (2008). News media use and knowledge about the 2006 U.S. midterm elections: why exposure matters in voter learning. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 20(3), 347-362. doi: 10.1093/ijpor/edn03
  • Zaller, J. (1992). The nature and origins of mass opinion. Cambridge university press.