La importancia del factor humano en menores en situación de desprotección

Abstract

Psychological capital is an individual positive psychological state of development which comprisesfour capacities: self-efficacy, hope, resiliency and optimism. Literature related to theimportance of the psychological capital into the organizations scope is abundant, althoughfresh, but studies about its influence on minors in deprotection situation are scarce. Becauseof the importance of both the psychological capital and the concomitance between all itsconstructs, it was considered and checked if these are damaged in minors in deprotection situation. An analytical empirical research based on the positivist paradigm, belongs to anon-experimental methodology, was carried out. The sample includes 104 subjects (52 minorswith protection measures -residents in public institutions- and 52 without them -residentsin their natural family context). The measurement instrument used was the Spanishadaptation (González, 2014) of the PCQ by Luthans et al. (2007) and data processing wasperformed by using the SPSS statistical package. It was observed that those minors residingin their family nucleus accumulate in all constructs of the psychological capital higher levelsthan the institutionalized ones. Thus, with regard to self-efficacy, the former achieve anaverage of X =4.91 (Sx=0.477) on a Likert type scale (from 1 to 6, with 1 totally disagreeand 6 totally agree) and the latter accumulate a score of X =3.33 (Sx=0.730). In terms ofhope, those without protection measures have an average of X =4.98 (Sx=0.452) and theinstitutionalized X =3.46 (Sx=0.630). As for resilience, those living in their family nucleusshow an average of X =4.33 (Sx=0.753) and the institutionalized X =3.75 (Sx =0.777). Finally,minors living in their family context achieve an optimism score X =4.49 (Sx=0.001),those in residential care accumulating a mean of X =2.66 (Sx=0.476).