Las emociones en la carretera: una revisión narrativa de las variables emocionales que influyen en la conducción

  1. Fernando Gordillo 2
  2. Lilia Mestas 3
  3. Miguel Ángel Pérez 2
  4. Rafael Manuel López 1
  1. 1 Fundación Universitaria Behavior & Law
  2. 2 Universidad Camilo José Cela
    info

    Universidad Camilo José Cela

    Villanueva de la Cañada, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03f6h9044

  3. 3 Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza
Mostrar afiliaciones +
Revista:
Revista Electrónica de Psicología de la FES Zaragoza-UNAM

ISSN: 2395-8480

Año de publicación: 2020

Volumen: 10

Número: 20

Páginas: 22-31

Tipo: Artículo

GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista Electrónica de Psicología de la FES Zaragoza-UNAM

Resumen

Introducción. Las emociones influyensobre procesos cognitivos como la atención, la memoriay la toma de decisiones, que afectan al rendimiento delas personas durante la conducción. El estado afectivodel conductor es modulado por diferentes variables,que requieren una perspectiva de estudio integrativa.Objetivos. Analizar los trabajos que relacionan lasemociones con la conducción, a través de variablesinternas (empatía, regulación emocional) y extenas(campañas de tráfico) al conductor. Desarrollo. Lasemociones negativas, en especial la ira, puedenperjudicar la conducción a través de los procesosatencionales, y se asocian a un incremento de lavelocidad, y a una menor percepción de riesgo. Lasemociones positivas, dependiendo de cómo se hayangenerado, pueden distraer o mejorar el control delvehículo. A su vez, las emociones se ven moduladas porla regulación emocional y la empatía, que se relacionancon la conducta prosocial y la prudencia durante laconducción. Por otra parte, el efecto de las campañasde tráfico sobre la reducción del número de accidenteses pequeño si se aplican de manera aislada, y lamayoría carece de un análisis científico que compruebesu eficacia. En este sentido, potenciar la memoriaprospectiva (intenciones) de los mensajes preventivos,podría mejorar su efecto sobre los conductores.Discusión y conclusiones. Una mejor comprensióndel papel de las emociones durante la conducción,desde todos los puntos de vista tratados en estarevisión, permitiría implementar estrategias que mejorenla seguridad vial. Además, las vías de comunicacióndigitales y las tecnologías del neuromarketing, podríanmejorar la difusión y eficacia de las campañas de tráfico.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Bailey, P. E., Brady, B., Ebner, N. C. y Ruffman, T. (2020). Effects of age on emotion regulation, emotional empathy, and prosocial behavior. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 75(4), 802-810.
  • Barkley, R. A. y Cox, D. (2009). A review of driving risks and impairments associated with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder and the effects of stimulant medication on driving performance. Journal of Safety Research, 38(1), 113-128.
  • Bechara, A., Damasio, H, Tranel, D. y Damasio, A. R.(1997). Deciding advantageously before knowing the advantageous strategy. Science, 275, 1293-1295.
  • Becker, M. y Leinenger, M. W. (2011). Attentional selection is biased toward mood-congruent stimuli. Emotion, 11(5), 1248-1254.
  • Belastegi-Axpe, X., Aritzeta, A., Soroa, G. y Pascula, M. (2020). Development and validation of the Drivers’ Emotional Intelligence Inventory (EMOVIAL). Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 72, 110-116.
  • Benstead, L. J. (2013). Effects of interviewer–respondent gender interaction on attitudes toward women and politics: findings from Morocco. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 26, 369-383.
  • Bercea, M. D. (2012). Anatomy of methodologies for measuring consumer behavior in neuromarketing research. Proceedings of the Lupcon Center for Business Research (LCBR) European Marketing Conference; August 9–10, 2012; Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
  • Boals, A., Hayslip, B. J. y Banks, J. B. (2014). Age differences in autobiographical memories of negative events. The International Journal of Aging & Human Development, 78, 47-65.
  • Boulanger, A., Divjak, M., Orozova-Bekkevold, I., Zabukovec, V. (2007). Typology of Evaluation Methods: Current Practices and Campaign Evaluation; Deliverable 2.1 of Campaigns and Awareness Raising Strategies in Traffic Safety (CAST), Directorate-General for Transport and Energy, European Commission, Brussels.
  • Bowen, H. J., Kark, S. M. y Kensinger, E. A. (2018). NEVER Forget: Negative Emotional Valence Enhances Recapitulation. Psychonomic bulletin & review, 25(3): 870-891.
  • Brandimonte, M. A., Einstein, G. O. y McDaniel, M. A. (1996). Prospective Memory: Theory and Applications. Erlbaum: Mahwah, NJ.
  • Breithaupt, F. (2012). Author reply: Empathy does provide rational support for decisions. But is it the right decision? Emotion Review, 4(1).
  • Briggs, G. F., Hole, G. J. y Land, M. F. (2011). Emotionally involving telephone conversations lead to driver error and visual tunnelling. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 14(4), 313-323.
  • Brodsky, W. (2018). A performance analysis of in-car music engagement as an indication of driver distraction and risk. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 55, 210-218.
  • Buchanan, T. W. (2007). Retrieval of emotional memories. Psychology Bulletin, 133(5), 761-779.
  • Cano-Vindel, A., Sirgo, A. y Díaz-Ovejero, M. B. (1999). Control, defensa y expresión de emociones: Relaciones con salud y enfermedad. En E. G. Fernández-Abascal y F. Palmero. (Eds.), Emociones y Salud (pp. 69-90). Madrid: Ariel.
  • Company, R., Oberst, U. y Sánchez, F. (2012). Regulación emocional interpersonal de las emociones de ira y tristeza. Boletín de Psicología, 104, 7-36.
  • Darwin, C. (1972). The expression of emotions in man and animal. John Murray. London.
  • Decety, J., Ben-Ami, I. y Knafo-Noam, A. (2016). Empathy as a driver of prosocial behaviour: highly conserved neurobehavioural mechanisms across species. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 371(1686), 20150077.
  • Delhomme, P., De Dobbeleer, W., Forward, S., y Simões, A. (Eds.) (2009). Manual for Designing, Implementing, and Evaluating Road Safety Communication Campaigns, Directorate-General for Energy and Transport, European Commission, Brussels.
  • Dingus, T.A., Guo, F., Lee, S., Antin, J.F., Perez, M., BuchananKing, M. y Hankey, J. (2016). Driver crash risk factors and prevalence evaluation using naturalistic driving data. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(10), 2636-2641.
  • Dmitrenko, D, Maggioni, E., Brianza, G., Holthausen, B. E., Walker, B. N. y Obrist, M. (2020). CARoma Therapy: Pleasant Scents Promote Safer Driving Better Mood, and Improved Well-Being in Angry Drivers. En Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. (CHI ‘20) ACM, New York, NY, USA.
  • Drace, S. (2013). Evidence for the role of affect in mood congruent recall of autobiographic memories. Motivation and Emotion 37(3), 623-628.
  • Eherenfreund-Hagera, A., Taubman-Ben-Aria, O., Toledo, T. y Farahc, H. (2017). The effect of positive and negative emotions on young drivers: A simulator study. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 49, 236-243.
  • Einstein, G. O. y McDaniel, M. A. (1990). Normal aging and prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 717- 726.
  • Eisenberg, N. y Miller, P. A. (1987). The relation of empathy to prosocial and related behaviors. Psychological Bulletin, 101(1), 91-119.
  • Ellis, H. C. y Ashbrook, P. W. (1988). Resource allocation model of the effects of depressed mood states on memory. En K. Fiedler y J. Forgas (Eds.), Affect, cognition, and social behaviour (pp. 25-43). Toronto: Hogrefe.
  • Ellis, J. A. (1996). Prospective memory or the realization of delayed intentions: A conceptual framework for research. En M. Brandimonte, G. O. Einstein & M. A. McDaniel (Eds.), Prospective memory: Theory and applications.
  • Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Elvik, R., Vaa, T., Hoye, A., Erke, A. y Sorensen, M. (Eds.) (2009), The Handbook of Road Safety Measures (2nd revised edition), Elsevier, Amsterdam.
  • Faro, D. (2010). Changing the Future by Reshaping the Past: The Influence of Causal Beliefs on Estimates of Time to Onset. Journal of Consumer Research, 37, 279-291.
  • Fernández-Abascal, E., Jiménez, M. P. y Martín, M. D. (2003). Emoción y motivación: La adaptación humana (Volimen I). Madrid: Centro de Estudios Ramón Areces, S. A.
  • Foy, H. J., Runham, P. y Chapman P (2016). Prefrontal Cortex Activation and Young Driver Behaviour: A fNIRS Study. PLoS ONE 11(5): e0156512.
  • Ge, Y., Liu, X., Chai, J. y Qu, W. (2021). Negativity bias towards anger in dangerous drivers: Empirical evidence from ERPs. Neuroscience Letters, 740, 135442.
  • Gordillo, F. (2011). Emoción y memoria prospective: refuerzo y castigo de la conducta intencionada. Tesis Universidad de Salamanca.
  • Gordillo, F., Arana, J. M. y Mestas, L. (2012). ¡Tan simple como recordar las consecuencias! La memoria intencional como recurso sanitario en la prevención del riesgo de accidente de tráfico. Gaceta Sanitaria, 26(1), 98.
  • Goschke, T. y Kuhl, J. (1993). Representation of intentions: persisting activation in memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 19, 1211- 1226.
  • Grossheinrich N, Firk C, Schulte-Rüther M, von Leupoldt A, Konrad K y Huestegge L (2018) Looking while unhappy: A Mood-Congruent attention bias toward sad adult faces in children. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2577.
  • Gurgu, E., Gurgu, I. A., Manea, R. B. (2020). Neuromarketing for a better understanding of consumer needs and emotions. Independent Journal of Management & Production, 11(1), 208-235.
  • Hamelin, N., El Moujahid, O., y Thih, P. (2017). Emotion and advertising effectiveness: a novel facial expression analysis approach. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 36, 103-111.
  • Hernik, J. y Dziadas, A. (2013). The effectiveness of social campaigns in the eyes of their receivers, on campaigns promoting safe driving example. Zarzadzanie Publiczne, 4(24), 379-391.
  • Hu, T., Xie, X. y Li, J. (2013). Negative or positive? The effect of emotion and mood on risky driving. Transportation Research Part F, 16, 29-40.
  • Isen, A. M., Daubman, K. A. y Nowicki, G. P. (1987). Positive affect facilitates creative problem solving. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1122-1131.
  • Janelle, C. M., Singer, R. N. y Williams, A. M. (1999). External distraction and attentional narrowing: Visual search evidence. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 21(2), 70–91.
  • Jung, N., Wranke, C., Hamburger, K. y Knauff, M. (2014). How emotions affect logical reasoning: evidence from experiments with mood-manipulated participants, spider phobics, and people with exam anxiety. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 570.
  • Justel, N., Psydellis, M. y Ruetti, E. (2013). Modulación de la memoria emocional: una revisión de los principales factores que afectan los recuerdos. Suma Psicológica, 20(2), 163-174.
  • Kamas, L. y Preston, A. (2020). Empathy, gender, and prosocial behavior. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (in press).
  • Katona, G. (1967). What is consumer psychology. American Psychologist, 22, 219-226.
  • Kendler, K. S. (2005). Toward a philosophical structure for psychiatry. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 433-440.
  • Kensinger, E.A. (2007). Negative emotion enhances memory accuracy: Behavioural and neuroimaging evidence. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16(4), 213-218.
  • Kiefer, M., Schuch, S., Schenck, W. y Fiedler, K. (2006). Mood states modulate activity in semantic brain areas during emotional word encoding. Cerebral Cortex, 17, 1516-1530.
  • Kinm, S. y Labroo, A. A. (2011). From inherent value to incentive value: When and why pointless effort enhances consumer preference. Journal of Consumer Research, 38(4), 712-742.
  • Kliegel, M., McDaniel, M. A. y Einstein, G. O. (Eds.) (2008). Prospective memory: Cognitive, neuroscience, developmental, and applied perspectives. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Kogan, A., Saslow, L. R., Impett, E. A., Oveis, C., Keltner, D. y Saturn, S. R. (2011). Thin-slicing study of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene and the evaluation and expression of the prosocial disposition. PNAS, 108(48), 19189-19192.
  • Lavidge, R.J. y Steiner, G.A. (1961) A Model for Predictive Measurements of Advertising Effectiveness. Journal of Marketing, 25, 59-62.
  • Lewinski, P., Fransen, M. L., y Tan Ed, S. H. (2014). Predicting advertising effectiveness by facial expressions in response to amusing persuasive stimuli. Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics, 7, 1-14.
  • Li, R., Chen, I. V. y Zhang, L. (2019). Effect of music tempo on long-distance driving: which tempo is the most effective at reducing fatigue? I-Perception, 10(4).
  • Lilienfeld, S. O., Lynn, S. J., Namy, L. L. y Wolf, N. J. (2011). Psicología. Una introducción. Madrid: Pearson.
  • Loeffler, S. N., Myrtek, M. y Peper, M. (2013). Mood-congruent memory in daily life: evidence from interactive ambulatory monitoring. Biological Psychology, 93(2), 308-315.
  • Loftus, E. F, Loftus, G. R. y Messo, J. (1987). Some facts about “weapon focus”. Law and Human Behavior, 11, 55-62.
  • Loftus, E. F. y Burns, T. (1982). Mental shock can produce retrograde amnesia. Memory & Cognition, 10, 318-323.
  • MacGarry, L. M. y Carter, A. G. (2017). Prefrontal cortex drives distinct projection neurons in the basolateral amygdala. Cell Reports, 21(6), 1426-1433.
  • Matsumoto, D. y Ekman, P. (2009). Basic emotions. En D. Sander and K.R. Scherer (Eds.). Oxford Companion to Emotion and the Affective Sciences. Oxford. Estados Unidos: Oxford University Press.
  • Mickley, K. R. y Kensinger, E. A. (2008). Emotional valence influences the neural correlates associated with remembering and knowing. Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, 8(2), 143-152.
  • Niedenthal, P. M. y Wood, A. (2019). Does emotion influence visual perception? Depends on how you look at it. Cognition and Emotion, 33(6), 1-8.
  • Novoa, A. M., Pérez, K. y Borrel, C (2009). Efectividad de las intervenciones de seguridad vial basadas en la evidencia: una revisión de la literatura. Gaceta Sanitaria, 23(6), 553e14.
  • Otamendi, F. J. y Sutil, L. (2020) The emotional effectiveness of advertisement. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 2088.
  • Pêcher, C., lemercier, C. y Celier, J. M. (2011). The influence of emotions on driving behavior. En Traffic Psychology: An International Perspective. IX Publisher: Nova Science Publishers Editors: Dwight Hennessy.
  • Phelps, E. A. (2004). Human emotion and memory: interactions of the amygdala and hippocampal complex. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 14, 198-202.
  • Phelps, E. A. y LeDoux, J. E. (2005). Contributions of the amygdala to emotion processing: From animal models to human behavior. Neuron, 48, 175-187.
  • Poels, K. y Dewitte, S. (2006). How to capture the heart? Reviewing 20 years of emotion measurement in advertising. Journal of Advertising Research, 46, 18-37.
  • Posner, M. I. (2012). Imaging attention networks. Neuroimage 61, 450-456.
  • Posner, M. I. y Dehaene, S. (1994). Attentional networks. Trends in Neurosciences, 17, 75-79.
  • Roidl, E., Frehse, B. y Höger, R. (2014). Emotional states of drivers and the impact on speed, acceleration and traffic violations - a simulator study. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 70, 282-292.
  • Rolls, E. T. (2015). Limbic systems for emotion and for memory, but no single limbic system. Cortex, 62, 119-157.
  • Rozin, P. y Royzman, E. B. (2001). Negativity bias, negativity dominance, and contagion. Personality and social psychology review, 5(4), 296-320.
  • Sánchez-Navarro, J. P. y Román, F. (2004). Amígdala, corteza prefrontal y especializacion hemisférica en la experiencia y expresión emocional. Anales de Psicología, 20(2), 223-240.
  • Sandoval, M. (1994). La psicología del consumidor: una discusión de su estado actual y aportes al mercadeo. Suma Psicológica, 1(2), 163-176.
  • Sani, S. R. H, Tabibi, Z., Fadardi, J. S. y Stavrinos, D. (2017). Aggression, emotional self-regulation, attentional bias, and cognitive inhibition predict risky driving behavior. Accident; Analysis and Prevention 109, 78-88.
  • Schweizer , T. A., Kan, K., Hung, Y., Tam, F., Naglie, G. y Graham, S. J. (2013). Brain activity during driving with distraction: an inmersive fMRI study. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 53.
  • Steinhauser K., Leistb, F., Maierc, K., Michel, V., Pärsch, N., Rigley, P., Wurma, F. y Steinhausera, M. (2018). Effects of emotions on driving behavior. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 59(Part A), 150-163.
  • Stephens, A. N. y Groeger, J. A. (2011). Anger-congruent behaviour transfers across driving situations. Cognition & emotion, 25(8), 1423-1438.
  • Stephens, A. N. y Ohtsuka, K. (2014). Cognitive biases in aggressive drivers: Does illusion of control drive us off the road? Personality and Individual Differences, 68, 124.129.
  • Stephens, A. N., Trawley, S. L., Madigan,. R. y Groeger, J. A. (2013). Drivers display Anger‐Congruent attention to potential traffic hazards. Applied cognitive psychology, 27(2), 178-189.
  • Thompson, R. A. (1994). Emotion regulation: A theme in search of a definition. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59, 25-52.
  • Tottenham, N., Hare, T. A. y Casey, B. J. (2011). Behavioral assessment of emotion discrimination, emotion regulation, and cognitive control in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Frontiers in Psychology, 2, 39.
  • Trick, L. M., Brandogampola, S. y Enns, J. T. (2012). How fleeting emotions affect hazard perception and steering while driving: The impact of image arousal and valence. Accident Analysis Prevention, 45, 222-229.
  • Trógolo, M.A., Melchior, F. y Medrano, L. A. (2014). The role of difficulties in emotion regulation on driving behavior. Journal of Behavior, Health & Social Issues, 6(1), 107-117.
  • Tyng, C. M., Amin, H. U., Saad, M. N. M. y Malik, A. S. (2017) The influences of emotion on learning and memory. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1454.
  • Um, E., Plass, J. L., Hayward, E. O. y Homer, B. D. (2012). Emotional design in multimedia learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 104, 485-498.
  • Van Doorn, J. V. y Stapel, D. A. (2011). When and how beauty sells: Priming, conditioning, and persuasion processes. Journal of Consumer, published online June 1, 2011.
  • Vences, N. A., Díaz-Campo, J. y Rosales, D. F. G. (2020). Neuromarketing as an emotional connection tool between organizations and audiences in social networks. A theoretical review. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1787.
  • Vuilleumier, P. (2005). How brains beware: neural mechanisms of emotional attention. Trends in Cognitive Science, 9, 585-594.
  • Wickens, C. M., Smart, R. G. y Mann, R (2014). The impact of depression on driver performance. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 12(4), 524-537.
  • World Health Organizarion, (2018). Global status report on road safety. Supporting the Decade. Geneva. https://www. who.int/publications/i/item/9789241565684 (recuperado el 3 Enero 2021).
  • Wundersitz, L. y Hutchinson, T. (2011). What can we learn from recent evaluations of road safety mass media campaigns? Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety, 22(4), 40-47.
  • Zheng, J., Anderson, K., Leal, S., Shestyuk, A., Gulsen, G., Mnatsakanyan, L., Vadera, S., Hsu, F. P. K., Yassa, M. A., Knight, R. T. y Lin, J. J. (2017). Amygdala-hippocampal dynamics during salient information processing. Nature Comunications, 8, 14413.