¿Movilización de recursos o radicalismo desafecto? El apoyo a la protesta en ArgentinaEl apoyo a la protesta en Argentina

  1. Bohigues, Asbel 1
  2. Sendra, Mariana 2
  1. 1 Universitat de València
    info

    Universitat de València

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/043nxc105

  2. 2 Universidad de Salamanca
    info

    Universidad de Salamanca

    Salamanca, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02f40zc51

Revista:
Perfiles latinoamericanos: revista de la Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede México

ISSN: 0188-7653 2309-4982

Ano de publicación: 2022

Volume: 30

Número: 60

Páxinas: 1-28

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.18504/PL3060-001-2022 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Outras publicacións en: Perfiles latinoamericanos: revista de la Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede México

Resumo

This article aims to analyze the reasons behind support for protest, differentiating between two types: legal demonstrations, and road blockades. To do so, we contrast two theories: resource mobilization, and disaffected radicalism, taking the case of Argentina as a reference. We use data from the Americas Barometer for the period 2008-2017. Controlling for temporality through a fixed-effects ordered logistic model, the results show that the resource mobilization theory has greater empirical support, even with the exception of support for democracy in blockades. Moreover, the analysis shows that the main determinants, support for democracy and interest in politics, are maintained over time, although the rejection of legal demonstrations by non-democrats and those disinterested in politics is reinforced.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Almeida, P. D. (2007). Defensive mobilization: Popular movements against economic adjust-ment policies in Latin America. Latin American Perspectives, 34(3), 123-139. https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X07300942
  • Alvarez, R. M., Levin, I., & Núñez, L. (2017). The four faces of political participation in Ar-gentina: Using latent class analysis to study political behavior. The Journal of Politics, 79(4), 1386-1402. https://doi.org/10.1086/692786
  • Arce, M., & Mangonnet, J. (2013). Competitiveness, partisanship, and subnational protest in Argentina. Comparative Political Studies, 46(8), 895-919. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414012463888
  • Arce, M., & Rice, R. (2009). Societal protest in post-stabilization Bolivia. Latin American Re-search Review, 44(1), 88-101. https://doi.org/10.1353/lar.0.0071
  • Atzeni, M. (2010). Workplace conflict: Mobilization and solidarity in Argentina. Londres: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230281622
  • Auyero, J. (2006). Protest in contemporary Argentina: a contentious repertoire in the making. En P. Fernández-Kelly & J. Shefner (Eds.), Out of the shadows: political action and the infor-mal economy in Latin America (pp. 156-194). Pennsylvania: Penn State Press.
  • Auyero, J. (2002). Los cambios en el repertorio de la protesta social en la Argentina. Desarrollo Económico, 42(166), 187-210. https://doi.org/10.2307/3455940
  • Barrera, V., & Hoyos, C. (2020). Violent and disorderly? Analysis of the repertoires of social protest in Colombia. Análisis Político, 33(98), 167-190. https://doi.org/10.15446/ANPOL.V33N98.89416
  • Bellinger, P. T., & Arce, M. (2011). Protest and democracy in Latin America’s market era. Politi-cal Research Quarterly, 64(3), 688-704. https://doi.org/10.1177/1065912910373557
  • Bernhagen, P., & Marsh, M. (2007). Voting and protesting: explaining citizen participation in old and new European democracies. Democratization, 14(1), 44-72. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510340601024298
  • Bohigues, A. (2018). El apoyo a la democracia en los parlamentos latinoamericanos. Análisis del demócrata ambivalente. Revista de Ciencia Política, 38(1), 51-82. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-090x2018000100051
  • Boyle, M. P., & Armstrong, C. (2009). Measuring level of deviance: Considering the distinct influence of goals and tactics on news treatment of abortion protests, Atlantic Journal of Communication, 17(4), 166-183. https://doi.org/10.1080/15456870903156134
  • Boyle, M. P., McCluskey, M. R., McLeod, D. M., & Stein, S. E. (2005). Newspapers and pro-test: An examination of protest coverage from 1960 to 1999. Journalism & Mass Communi-cation Quarterly, 82(3), 638-653. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900508200310
  • Brady, H. E., Verba, S., & Schlozman, K. L. (1995). Beyond SES: A resource model of political participation. American Political Science Review, 89(2), 271-294. https://doi.org/10.2307/2082425
  • Carrera, N. I., & Cotarelo, M. C. (2003). Social struggles in present day Argentina. Bulletin of Latin American Research, 22(2), 201-213. https://doi.org/10.1111/1470-9856.00073
  • Cornell, A., & Grimes, M. (2015). Institutions as incentives for civic action: Bureaucratic struc-tures, civil society, and disruptive protests. The Journal of Politics, 77(3), 664-678. https://doi.org/10.1086/681058
  • Crozat, M. (1998). Are the times a-changing’? Assessing the acceptance of protest in western democracies. En D. S. Meyer & S. G. (Eds.), The social movement society: Contentious politics for the new century (pp. 59-82). Lanham: Rowman y Littlefield.
  • Cuevas Ossandon, R., & Villalobos Dintrans, C. (2017). Disposición de los latinoamericanos hacia la protesta. Un análisis exploratorio a partir de Latinobarómetro 2015. Revista Chilena de Derecho y Ciencia Política, 8, 187-211. https://doi.org/10.7770/rchdcp-v8n2-art1297
  • Dalton, R. J., Van Sickle, A., & Weldon, S. (2009). The individual-institutional nexus of pro-test behaviour. British Journal of Political Science, 40(1), 51-73. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000712340999038X
  • Dalton, R., & Sickle, A. V. (2005). The resource, structural, and cultural bases of protest. Irvine: Center for the Study of Democracy, University of California.
  • Dinerstein, A. (2003). Power or counter power? The dilemma of the piquetero movement in Ar-gentina post-crisis. Capital & Class, (81), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/030981680308100101
  • Disi Pavlic, R. (2021). The nearness of youth: Spatial and temporal effects of protests on po-litical attitudes in Chile. Latin American Politics and Society, 63(1), 72-94. https://doi.org/10.1017/LAP.2020.33
  • Disi Pavlic, R. (2020). Choosing from the repertoire of contention: Evidence from stu-dent protests in Latin America. Revista de Sociologia e Política, 28(76), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-987320287611
  • Disi Pavlic, R., & Mardones Arévalo, R. (2019). Chile 2010: la desafección política y su impacto en la participación política convencional y no convencional. Reforma y Democracia, (73), 189-226.
  • Eckstein, S. (2001). Power and popular protest in Latin America. En S. E. Merino, Power and popular protest: Latin American social movements. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Feldman, S. (2003). Enforcing social conformity: A theory of authoritarianism. Political Psychol-ogy, 24(1), 41-74. https://doi.org/10.1111/0162-895X.00316
  • Freyre, M. L. (2014). El problema del desempleo en Argentina y el surgimiento de los Planes de Empleo y sostenimiento de ingresos en la agenda pública. Revista de Sociologia e Política, 22(51), 35-54. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-987314225103
  • Galais, C. (2014). Don’t vote for them: The effects of the Spanish indignant movement on atti-tudes about voting. Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties, 24(3), 334-350. https://doi.org/10.1080/17457289.2014.887089
  • Gamallo, L. (2020). La acción colectiva en Argentina: actores, demandas y formas de lucha desde el retorno democrático. Perfiles Latinoamericanos, 28(55), 83-108. https://doi.org/10.18504/pl2855-004-2020
  • Gamson, W. A. (1992). The social psychology of collective action. En A. D. (Ed.), Frontiers in social movement theory (pp. 53-76). New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • Hylton, F. (2020). Algo está pasando en Colombia. Nueva Sociedad. https://www.nuso.org/articulo/algo-esta-pasando-en-colombia/
  • Inglehart, R. (1997). Modernization and postmodernization: Cultural, economic, and politi-cal change in 43 societies. Princeton: Princeton University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691214429
  • Inglehart, R., & Welzer, C. (2005). Modernization, cultural change, and democracy. The human development sequence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Jost, J., Federico, C., & Napier, J. (2009). Political ideology: Its structure, functions, and elective affinities. Annual Review of Psychology, (60), 307-337.
  • Lodola, G. J., & Seligson, M. (2013). Cultura política de la democracia en Argentina y en las Amé-ricas, 2012. Hacia la igualdad de oportunidades. Buenos Aires: lapop/Universidad Torcuato Di Tella.
  • Lodola, G., & Seligson, M. A. (2011). Cultura política de la democracia en Argentina, 2010. Con-solidación democrática en las Américas en tiempos difíciles. Buenos Aires: lapop/Universidad Torcuato Di Tella.
  • Marsh, A. (1974). Explorations in unorthodox political behavior: A scale to measure ‘protest potential. European Journal of Political Research, 2(2), 107-129. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.1974.tb01233.x
  • Marsh, A., & Kaase, M. (1979). Background of Political Action. En S. Barnes & M. K. (Eds.), Political action: Mass participation in five western democracies. Beverley Hills: Sage.
  • McAdam, D. (1999). Political process and the development of Black insurgency, 1930-1970 (2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226555553.001.0001
  • McCarthy, J. D., & Zald, M. N. (1973). The trend of social movements in America: Professionaliza-tion and resource mobilization. (CRSO Working Paper, no. 164).
  • Medel Sierralta, R. M., & Somma González, N. M. (2016). ¿Marchas, ocupaciones o barricadas? Explorando los determinantes de las tácticas de la protesta en Chile. Política y Gobierno, 23(1), 163-199.
  • Moseley, M. W. (2018). Protest state: The rise of everyday contention in Latin America. Nueva York: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190694005.003.0002
  • Moseley, M., & Moreno, D. (2010). The normalization of protest in Latin America. Americas Barometer Insights, (42), 1-7.
  • Mourão, R. R., Saldaña, M., McGregor, S. C., & Zeh, A. D. (2016). Support for protests in Latin America: Classifications and the role of online networking. Social Sciences, 5(4), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci5040058
  • Natalucci, A. (2011). Entre la movilización y la institucionalización: Los dilemas de los movi-mientos sociales (Argentina, 2001-2010). Polis, (28), 193-219. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-65682011000100012
  • Norris, P. (2003). Young people y political activism: From the politics of loyalties to the politics of choice. Paper presentado en el Council of Europe Symposium “Young people and demo-cratic institutions: From disillusionment to participation”, Strasbourg, France, noviembre.
  • Norris, P., Walgrave, S., & Aelst, P. V. (2005). Who demonstrates? Disaffected rebels, con-ventional participants, or everyone? Comparative Politics, 2(37), 251-275. https://doi.org/10.2307/20072882
  • Pereyra, S. (2017). Protest, social movements, and malaise in political representation in Argen-tina. En A. Joignant, M. Morales & C. Fuentes (Eds.), Malaise in representation in Latin American countries: Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay (pp. 235-256). Nueva York: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59955-1_10
  • Rokeach, M. (1960). The open and closed mind: Investigations Into the nature of belief systems and personality systems. Nueva York: Basic Books.
  • Rottenbacher, J. M. (2012). Conservadurismo político y rigidez cognitiva en una muestra de es-tudiantes y egresados universitarios de la ciudad de Lima. Avances en Psicología Latinoameri-cana, 30(2), 257-271.
  • Rottenbacher, M. J., & Schmitz, M. (2013). Condicionantes ideológicos de la criminalización de la protesta social y el apoyo a la democracia en una muestra limeña. Revista de Psicología, 31(2), 371-394. https://doi.org/10.18800/psico.201302.008
  • Schussman, A., & Soule, S. A. (2005). Process and protest: Accounting for individual protest participation. Social Forces, 84(2), 1083-1108. https://doi.org/10.1353/SOF.2006.0034
  • Schwartz, M. (1988). Radical protest and social structure: The Southern Farmers’ Alliance and cotton tenancy, 1880-1890. University of Chicago Press.Scribano, A., & Schuster, F. (2001). Protesta social en la Argentina de 2001: Entre la normalidad y la ruptura. Observatorio Social de América Latina, (5).
  • Somma, N. M., Rossi, F. M., & Donoso, S. (2020). The attachment of demonstrators to insti-tutional politics: Comparing LGBTIQ pride marches in Argentina and Chile. Bulletin of Latin American Research, 39(3), 380-397. https://doi.org/10.1111/blar.12956
  • Soule, S. (2001). Will they engage? Political knowledge, participation and attitudes of Generations X and Y. Paper presentado en el Active Participation or a Retreat to Privacy, Potsdam, Ale-mania.
  • Svampa, M., & Pereyra, S. (2003). Entre la ruta y el barrio: La experiencia de las organizaciones piqueteras. Buenos Aires: Biblos.
  • Tarrow, S. G. (1994). Power in movement: Social movements, collective action and politics. Cam-bridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Vilas, C. (2006). Neoliberal meltdown and social protest: Argentina 2001- 2002. Critical Sociol-ogy, 32(1), 163-186. https://doi.org/10.1163/156916306776150331
  • Wallace, S. J., Zepeda-Millán, C., & Jones-Correa, M. (2014). Spatial and temporal proximity: Examining the effects of protests on political attitudes. American Journal of Political Science, 58(2), 433-448. https://doi.org/10.1111/AJPS.12060
  • Wilson, G. (1973). The Psychology of Conservatism. Nueva York: Academic Press.