Elections and fact-checking in Portugalthe case of the 2019 and 2022 legislative elections

  1. Baptista, João-Pedro 1
  2. Jerónimo, Pedro 2
  3. Piñeiro-Naval, Valeriano 3
  4. Gradim, Anabela 2
  1. 1 Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro / Labcom - Comunicação e Artes
  2. 2 Universidade da Beira Interior
    info

    Universidade da Beira Interior

    Covilhã, Portugal

    ROR https://ror.org/03nf36p02

  3. 3 Universidad de Salamanca
    info

    Universidad de Salamanca

    Salamanca, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02f40zc51

Revista:
El profesional de la información

ISSN: 1386-6710 1699-2407

Año de publicación: 2022

Título del ejemplar: Educommunication

Volumen: 31

Número: 6

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.3145/EPI.2022.NOV.11 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: El profesional de la información

Resumen

El fact-checking es un género periodístico relativamente reciente en Portugal, que ha estado creciendo en los últimos años, alternativamente visto como un movimiento de reforma del periodismo, o criticado como ineficiente e idealista. Nuestro estudio es un análisis comparativo de la producción de los fact-checkers portugueses Observador y Polígrafo en las elecciones de 2019-2022 en Portugal, para determinar si su cobertura tiene sesgos políticos. Realizando un análisis de contenido cuantitativo de todos los artículos de verificación de hechos sobre política nacional (n = 265) publicados durante la campaña para las elecciones parlamentarias, nuestros resultados muestran que la actividad de verificación de hechos ha aumentado en las últimas elecciones. Estos datos pueden indicar que las agencias de verificación de hechos han aumentado su capacidad y recursos, pero también pueden sugerir una mayor presencia de subjetividad y engaño en el discurso político portugués. El enfoque de los verificadores de hechos portugueses son las declaraciones producidas durante los debates políticos (70%), mientras que la verificación de las redes sociales no se tiene en cuenta. Nuestro hallazgo más significativo es la falta de evidencia de sesgo partidista o político en la selección de las declaraciones evaluadas. Ambos verificadores de hechos no muestran una tendencia a verificar declaraciones más o menos anti o pro-gubernamentales y/o declaraciones ideologicamente favorables a la izquierda o la derecha. Por lo tanto, nuestros hallazgos confirman el alto nivel de profesionalismo e imparcialidad de los verificadores de hechos portugueses que otros estudios han evidenciado, lo que demuestra que el escepticismo de los ciudadanos portugueses hacia la práctica no tiene fundamento.

Información de financiación

Este artículo es parte de MediaTrust.Lab - Local Media Lab for Civic Trust and Literacy, un proyecto financiado por la Fundación para la Ciencia y la Tecnología (PTDC/COM-JOR/3866/2020), Portugal.

Financiadores

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