Tonic Immobility in Rape: A Little-Known Reality

  1. Jesús de la Torre Laso 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Salamanca
    info

    Universidad de Salamanca

    Salamanca, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02f40zc51

Revista:
Journal of Forensics Science and Criminal Investigation

ISSN: 2476-1311

Año de publicación: 2023

Volumen: 16

Número: 3

Páginas: 1-2

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Journal of Forensics Science and Criminal Investigation

Resumen

Tonic immobility is an involuntary behaviour that has been studied in victims of sexual violence. The aim of the present communication is to reflect on the consequences of this phenomenon and to draw the attention of legal actors to the behaviour of victims.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Coxell AW, King MB (2010) Adult male rape and sexual assault: Prevalence, re-victimisation and the tonic immobility response. Sexual and relationship therapy 25(4): 372-379.
  • Covers ML, Huntjens RJ, Hagenaars MA, Hehenkamp, LM Bicanic IA (2022) The Tonic Immobility Scale in adolescent and young adult rape victims: Support for three-factor model. Psychological trauma: theory, research, practice, and policy 14(5): 780.
  • Fusé T, Forsyth JP, Marx B, Gallup GG, Weaver S (2007) Factor structure of the Tonic Immobility Scale in female sexual assault survivors: An exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Journal of anxiety disorders 21(3): 265-283.
  • Marx BP, Forsyth JP, Gallup GG, Fusé T (2008) Tonic immobility as an evolved predator defense: Implications for sexual assault survivors. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 15(1): 74-90.
  • Suarez SD, Gallup GG (1979) Tonic Immobility as a Response to Rape in Humans a Theoretical Note. The Psychological Record 29(3): 315-320.
  • Gbahabo DD, Duma SE (2021) I just became like a log of wood… I was paralyzed all over my body: Women’s lived experiences of tonic immobility following rape. Heliyon 7(7).
  • Heidt JM, Marx BP, Forsyth JP (2005) Tonic immobility and childhood sexual abuse: A preliminary report evaluating the sequela of rape-induced paralysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy 43(9): 157-1171.
  • Kalaf J, Coutinho ESF, Vilete LMP, Luz MP, Berger W, et al. (2017) Sexual trauma is more strongly associated with tonic immobility than other types of traumata-A population-based study. Journal of affective disorders 215: 71-76.
  • Pratt S (2022) Tonic Immobility, Disclosure, and Substance Use as Predictors of Self-Blame in Female Survivors of Nonconsensual Sexual Events [PhD Thesis]. Alliant International University, USA.
  • Magalhaes AA, Gama CM, Gonçalves RM, Portugal LC, David IA, et al. (2021) Tonic Immobility is Associated with PTSD Symptoms in Traumatized Adolescents. Psychology Research and Behavior Management (14): 1359-1369.
  • Schiewe M (2019) Tonic immobility: The fear-freeze response as a forgotten factor in sexual assault laws. DePaul J Women Gender L 8(1).