Mecanismos y efectos de los mensajes persuasivos de promoción de la higiene del sueño para el control del peso corporal
- Vargas-Rosero, Elizabeth 1
- Igartua, Juan-José 2
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1
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
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2
Universidad de Salamanca
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ISSN: 1684-0933, 2227-1465
Año de publicación: 2024
Volumen: 23
Número: 1
Tipo: Artículo
Otras publicaciones en: Revista de comunicación
Resumen
La promoción de comportamientos saludables se ha realizado tradicionalmente a través de mensajes persuasivos que entregan información sobre cifras o argumentos y son diseñados con un objetivo abiertamente persuasivo. No obstante, recientemente se han establecido otras estrategias como el uso de mensajes narrativos y de formatos mixtos (que combinan información y narran una historia). La evidencia no es concluyente sobre la eficacia de estas tres modalidades de persuasión (informacional, narrativa y mixta) ni sobre los mecanismos responsables. Metodología: Se realizaron dos experimentos que compararon los efectos de las tres modalidades de mensajes persuasivos mencionados y que fueron diseñados para promover la higiene del sueño como un factor de control del peso corporal. Además, se contempló el papel de la implicación con el tema del mensaje y la necesidad de cognición como posibles variables moderadoras. Resultados: Se observó que el mensaje informacional ejercía efectos indirectos significativos sobre la efectividad percibida del mensaje, las creencias y la intención de conducta a través del mecanismo de la auto-referencia. En cambio, los mensajes narrativos y mixto debían su eficacia persuasiva a la activación emocional, el transporte narrativo y la identificación con el protagonista. Conclusiones: El presente trabajo avanza los conocimientos sobre persuasión y sobre las estrategias más efectivas para diseñar campañas de control del peso corporal a través de la promoción de la higiene del sueño.
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