¿Por qué la emoción antecede la cognición? Las emociones como sustrato esencial para la consolidación de aprendizajes. perspectiva desde la evolución filogenética cerebral

Abstract

Neuroeducation shares the importance and necessity of linking neuroscientific knowledge for the enrichment of epistemology and teaching practice; several educational experiences have accepted the transcendental value of emotions for the achievement of meaningful and emotional learning. In order to achieve in the teaching community a neuroscientific conceptual literacy to understand from neuroscientific knowledge different positive results of educational experiences integrated to the socioemotional factor, a bibliographic review on neurophysiological knowledge is presented that allows understanding how the brain learns together with the unidirectional relationship of the emotional-cognitive suprasystem. Likewise, brain plasticity and mirror neurons are decisive for the learning of socio-affective skills that allow the development of healthy people who are involved in the improvement of society. Currently, there is a need to understand education as an environment of social development with an emotional approach, through educational practices coherent to the social nature of the brain, which has presented a slow and outdated biological evolution for the current vertiginous social reality, facing difficult social situations such as violence, stress and depression. It is concluded, thanks to the correspondence of the theoretical advances of neurosciences and education, that educational training should be adapted to the brain neurophysiology.